Electrolytic capacitor

Definition

An electrolytic capacitor is a type of capacitor that uses an electrolyte to achieve a larger capacitance than other types of capacitors. It is polarized, meaning it has a positive and negative terminal.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Electrolytic capacitors have higher capacitance values compared to ceramic or film capacitors.
2. They are polarized and must be connected with the correct polarity to avoid damage.
3. Typical applications include power supply filters, audio circuits, and energy storage systems.
4. The electrolyte inside can be either liquid or solid, affecting the performance and reliability.
5. Common materials for the electrodes are aluminum and tantalum.

Review Questions

• What distinguishes electrolytic capacitors from other types of capacitors in terms of structure?
• Why is it important to observe polarity when connecting an electrolytic capacitor in a circuit?
• List two common applications where you might find an electrolytic capacitor.

Related terms

Capacitance: The ability of a system to store charge per unit voltage, measured in farads (F).

Dielectric: An insulating material placed between the plates of a capacitor to increase its capacitance.

Polarization: \text{A property of certain electronic components that have distinct positive and negative terminals.}