Electric potential difference

Definition

Electric potential difference is the work done to move a unit charge between two points in an electric field. It is measured in volts (V).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The electric potential difference between two points is often referred to as voltage.
2. It can be calculated using the formula $\Delta V = V_b - V_a$, where $V_b$ and $V_a$ are the potentials at points b and a, respectively.
3. In a uniform electric field, the potential difference is given by $\Delta V = E \cdot d$, where $E$ is the electric field strength and $d$ is the distance between the points.
4. Potential difference is a scalar quantity, meaning it has magnitude but no direction.
5. The SI unit for measuring electric potential difference is the volt (V), which is equivalent to one joule per coulomb.

Review Questions

• What is the formula to calculate electric potential difference?
• How does one measure electric potential difference?
• Why is electric potential difference considered a scalar quantity?

Related terms

Electric Potential:

The amount of work needed to move a unit positive charge from infinity to a point in space within an electric field.

Voltage:

Another term for electric potential difference, indicating the force that pushes electrical current through a conductor.

Electric Field: A region around a charged particle or object within which an electric force would be exerted on other charged particles or objects.