Cooper
Definition
A Cooper pair is a bound state of two electrons that enables superconductivity at low temperatures. These pairs move through a lattice without resistance due to an attractive interaction mediated by lattice vibrations.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- The concept of Cooper pairs was introduced by physicist Leon Cooper in 1956.
- Cooper pairs are essential for the phenomenon of superconductivity, where electrical resistance drops to zero.
- The binding energy of a Cooper pair is very small, on the order of millielectronvolts (meV).
- Cooper pairs form below a critical temperature specific to each superconducting material.
- In the BCS theory, Cooper pairs condense into a single quantum state that can flow without dissipation.
Review Questions
- What is the significance of Cooper pairs in superconductivity?
- How do lattice vibrations contribute to the formation of Cooper pairs?
- At what temperature range do Cooper pairs typically form?
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Related terms
Superconductor: A material that can conduct electricity without resistance below its critical temperature.
BCS Theory: A microscopic theory that explains superconductivity through the formation of Cooper pairs.
Critical Temperature: The temperature below which a material becomes superconducting and forms Cooper pairs.
