Theory

Definition

A theory in physics is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can incorporate laws, hypotheses, and facts. Theories are developed based on extensive and reproducible observations and experiments.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Theories provide frameworks for understanding phenomena and predicting outcomes within defined limits.
2. In physics, theories often rely on mathematical models to describe physical systems accurately.
3. A theory must be falsifiable—meaning it can be tested and potentially proven wrong.
4. Theories evolve over time as new data becomes available and may be refined or replaced by more comprehensive explanations.
5. Famous examples of theories in physics include Newton's theory of gravitation, Einstein's theory of relativity, and quantum theory.

Review Questions

• What distinguishes a theory from a hypothesis in scientific research?
• Why is falsifiability an essential criterion for a scientific theory?
• How do theories evolve with new experimental data?

Related terms

Hypothesis: A proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

Law: A statement based on repeated experimental observations that describes some aspect of the world. Laws predict what happens but do not explain why.

Model: $$ A simplified representation or description of a system or phenomenon that captures its essential features $$