Standing waves

Definition

Standing waves are wave patterns that result from the interference of two waves traveling in opposite directions, creating nodes and antinodes. These waves appear to be stationary and do not propagate through the medium.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Standing waves are formed when two waves of identical frequency and amplitude interfere with each other while traveling in opposite directions.
2. Nodes are points on a standing wave where displacement is always zero, due to complete destructive interference.
3. Antinodes are points on a standing wave where the displacement reaches its maximum value due to constructive interference.
4. The fundamental frequency is the lowest frequency at which a standing wave can form in a given medium, with only one antinode between two nodes.
5. Harmonics or overtones are higher frequencies at which standing waves can form, characterized by additional nodes and antinodes.

Review Questions

• What conditions are necessary for the formation of standing waves?
• Explain the difference between nodes and antinodes in a standing wave pattern.
• How do harmonics relate to the fundamental frequency in standing waves?

Related terms

Node:

A point in a standing wave where the displacement is always zero due to destructive interference.

Antinode:

A point in a standing wave where the displacement reaches its maximum amplitude due to constructive interference.

Fundamental Frequency: The lowest frequency at which a system can support a standing wave, corresponding to the simplest mode of vibration.