Periodic motion

Definition

Periodic motion is a type of motion that repeats itself at regular time intervals. Examples include oscillations of a pendulum or vibrations of a mass-spring system.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The period $T$ is the time it takes for one complete cycle of periodic motion.
2. Frequency $f$ is the number of cycles per unit time and is given by $f = \frac{1}{T}$.
3. Examples include simple harmonic motion, like that of a mass on a spring or a pendulum under small displacements.
4. In simple harmonic motion, the restoring force is proportional to the displacement and acts in the opposite direction: $F = -kx$.
5. The amplitude $A$ is the maximum displacement from the equilibrium position.

Review Questions

• What is the relationship between period $T$ and frequency $f$ in periodic motion?
• Give an example of periodic motion and describe its characteristics.
• How does the restoring force relate to displacement in simple harmonic motion?

Related terms

Simple Harmonic Motion:

A type of periodic motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement and acts in the opposite direction.

Amplitude:

The maximum extent of displacement from the equilibrium position in periodic motion.

Frequency:

The number of complete cycles per unit time in periodic motion, measured in Hertz (Hz).