Pascal’s principle

Definition

Pascal's Principle states that any change in pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid. This principle is fundamental in explaining the functioning of hydraulic systems.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pascal's Principle can be mathematically expressed as $P_1 = P_2$, where $P$ denotes pressure.
2. It applies to incompressible fluids within a closed system.
3. The principle is utilized in hydraulic lifts and brakes, which amplify force by applying it over a larger area.
4. It was formulated by Blaise Pascal, a French mathematician and physicist, in the 17th century.
5. Hydraulic systems based on Pascal's Principle are governed by the relationship $F_1/A_1 = F_2/A_2$, where $F$ represents force and $A$ represents area.

Review Questions

• How does Pascal's Principle apply to hydraulic brakes?
• What is the mathematical expression for Pascal's Principle?
• Who formulated Pascal's Principle and when?

Related terms

Hydraulics: A branch of science that deals with the practical applications of fluids, primarily liquids, in motion.

Incompressible Fluid:

A fluid whose density does not change significantly under pressure variations.

Pressure:

$Pressure (P)$ is defined as the force exerted per unit area: $P = F/A$.