Lennard-Jones 6-12 potential

Definition

The Lennard-Jones 6-12 potential is a mathematical model that approximates the interaction between a pair of neutral atoms or molecules based on their distance. It is characterized by an attractive term proportional to $r^{-6}$ and a repulsive term proportional to $r^{-12}$, where $r$ is the interatomic distance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Lennard-Jones potential has two components: an attractive term ($-A/r^6$) and a repulsive term ($B/r^{12}$).
2. It is used to model van der Waals forces in molecular dynamics simulations.
3. The equilibrium distance, where the potential energy is at a minimum, occurs when the attractive and repulsive forces balance out.
4. The depth of the potential well represents the strength of the intermolecular attraction at equilibrium.
5. Although primarily used in chemistry and material science, it provides insights into oscillatory motion in molecular systems by reflecting how potential energy varies with distance.

Review Questions

• What are the two main components of the Lennard-Jones 6-12 potential?
• How does the Lennard-Jones potential explain equilibrium distance between two atoms?
• Why is the Lennard-Jones potential important for understanding molecular interactions?

Related terms

Van der Waals Forces: Weak interactions between molecules or parts of molecules that result from transient local partial charges.

Potential Energy Curve: A graph depicting how potential energy changes with respect to position or configuration space.

Equilibrium Position: The position at which forces acting on a system are balanced, resulting in no net force.