College Physics II – Mechanics, Sound, Oscillations, and Waves
Definition
A homogeneous substance has a uniform composition and properties throughout its entire volume. This means that any sample taken from the substance will have the same characteristics as any other sample.
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Homogeneous substances are often used in fluid mechanics calculations because their consistent properties simplify analysis.
The density of a homogeneous substance is constant throughout its volume.
Pressure distribution in a homogeneous fluid at rest can be calculated using Pascal's law.
In a closed system, the behavior of a homogeneous substance under varying pressure and temperature conditions can be described by equations of state such as the ideal gas law for gases and incompressibility for liquids.
Homogeneous fluids allow for straightforward application of Bernoulli's equation to analyze fluid flow.
Review Questions
What property remains constant throughout a homogeneous substance?
How does Pascal's law apply to homogeneous fluids?
Why are homogeneous substances important in simplifying fluid mechanics problems?
Related terms
Density: Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance, often denoted by $\rho$.
Pressure: Pressure is the force exerted per unit area, measured in Pascals (Pa) in the SI system.
Bernoulli's Equation: Bernoulli's equation relates the pressure, velocity, and height in steady fluid flow along a streamline.