Eccentricity is a measure of how much an orbit deviates from being circular, with values ranging from 0 (a perfect circle) to 1 (a highly elongated ellipse). In the context of Earth’s orbit, changes in eccentricity play a significant role in influencing climate patterns over geological time scales, particularly during periods such as the Pleistocene glaciations, where variations in Earth’s orbit contributed to cycles of glacial and interglacial periods.
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