Process Theology

Definition

Process theology is a school of thought in philosophy and theology that interprets God and the world as dynamic, emphasizing change and becoming rather than static being. It suggests that God is not omnipotent in the traditional sense but is deeply involved in the process of creation, influencing it while also being influenced by it. This perspective seeks to reconcile traditional religious beliefs with contemporary scientific understandings, particularly in relation to evolution.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Process theology originated from the philosophical ideas of Alfred North Whitehead and Charles Hartshorne, who emphasized the importance of process over static existence.
2. This theological perspective views God's relationship with the world as one of mutual influence, suggesting that God reacts to the unfolding events in the universe.
3. Process theology challenges classical notions of divine omnipotence, proposing that God can only influence creation rather than control it entirely.
4. It offers a framework for reconciling faith with scientific theories like evolution by suggesting that God's creative power is expressed through natural processes.
5. Process theologians argue that understanding God in a dynamic context allows for a more meaningful relationship between humanity and the divine.

Review Questions

• How does process theology redefine the concept of God's power in relation to creation?
  • Process theology redefines God's power by portraying it not as absolute control but as persuasive influence within the evolving universe. It argues that instead of being an all-controlling deity, God interacts with creation, responding to its changes and developments. This shift allows for a more relational understanding of God, emphasizing cooperation between the divine and creation.
• In what ways does process theology seek to reconcile scientific views on evolution with traditional religious beliefs?
  • Process theology seeks reconciliation by asserting that God acts through the processes of evolution, guiding creation without imposing rigid control over it. This perspective affirms that evolutionary change is part of divine creativity, allowing for a dynamic relationship between science and faith. As a result, it helps believers understand evolutionary theory not as a challenge to their faith but as an expression of God's ongoing work in the world.
• Critically evaluate how process theology influences contemporary discussions on the nature of divinity and morality in light of evolutionary theory.
  • Process theology profoundly influences contemporary discussions on divinity and morality by framing God as a participant in an evolving universe. This perspective raises important ethical considerations, as morality is seen as evolving alongside humanity rather than fixed by divine decree. By viewing God as engaged in the ongoing process of creation, believers are encouraged to consider their moral responsibilities within a dynamic context, fostering a sense of shared growth and development between humans and the divine.

Related terms

Panentheism: A belief system where God interpenetrates every part of the universe and extends beyond it, allowing for a more relational view of the divine.

Theistic Evolution: The belief that God used the process of evolution to create life, harmonizing scientific findings with religious faith.

Metaphysics: A branch of philosophy that explores the fundamental nature of reality, including concepts such as existence, objects, and their properties.