Monism is the philosophical view that all things in the universe are ultimately one, asserting that there is a singular substance or principle that underlies the diversity of existence. This concept suggests that reality is not divided into separate entities, but instead, everything is interconnected and derived from a common source, reflecting a fundamental unity in the nature of being. In the context of ancient philosophy, particularly among the Pre-Socratic thinkers, monism offers a contrasting perspective to pluralism and dualism, emphasizing a more cohesive understanding of existence.
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