Variant (Prinzmetal) angina is a type of chest pain caused by vasospasm of the coronary arteries, leading to transient myocardial ischemia. Unlike typical angina, it often occurs at rest and is not necessarily induced by physical exertion.
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Variant angina is characterized by temporary artery spasms that reduce blood flow to the heart.
It commonly occurs at rest or during nighttime and early morning hours.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) changes during an episode typically show transient ST-segment elevation.
Calcium channel blockers and nitrates are the primary medications used to manage Variant angina.
Smoking cessation and avoidance of stress are crucial lifestyle modifications for patients with Variant angina.
Review Questions
What differentiates Variant angina from typical stable angina?
Which medications are primarily used in the treatment of Variant (Prinzmetal) angina?
What are common triggers or risk factors for episodes of Variant angina?
Related terms
Stable Angina: Chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart, usually triggered by physical activity.
Calcium Channel Blockers: A class of drugs that relax blood vessels and increase the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart while reducing its workload.
Myocardial Ischemia: A condition where blood flow to the heart muscle is obstructed, reducing oxygen supply.