Thrombolytics

Definition

Thrombolytics are medications used to dissolve blood clots that have already formed in the blood vessels. They are often used in emergency situations such as during a heart attack or stroke to restore blood flow.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Thrombolytics work by activating plasminogen to form plasmin, which breaks down fibrin in clots.
2. Common thrombolytic agents include alteplase, reteplase, and tenecteplase.
3. They are contraindicated in patients with active bleeding or a history of hemorrhagic stroke.
4. Side effects can include bleeding complications, including intracranial hemorrhage.
5. Immediate administration within a specific time window (typically within 3-4.5 hours for ischemic stroke) is crucial for effectiveness.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action for thrombolytics?
• Name three common thrombolytic agents.
• Why is timing critical when administering thrombolytics?

Related terms

Anticoagulants: Medications that prevent new blood clots from forming by inhibiting clotting factors.

Antiplatelets: Drugs that inhibit platelet aggregation to prevent clot formation.

Plasminogen: A plasma protein that is converted into plasmin, an enzyme responsible for breaking down clots.