Theophylline

Definition

Theophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat symptoms of asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. It belongs to the xanthine class of drugs and works by relaxing the muscles in the lungs and opening airways.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Theophylline requires close monitoring of blood levels due to its narrow therapeutic range.
2. Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, increased heart rate, and headaches.
3. It can interact with many other drugs, including certain antibiotics and seizure medications.
4. Smoking can decrease the effectiveness of Theophylline by increasing its metabolism.
5. Theophylline is metabolized primarily in the liver through the cytochrome P450 enzyme system.

Review Questions

• What is the primary use of Theophylline in respiratory disorders?
• Why is it important to monitor blood levels when a patient is on Theophylline?
• How does smoking affect the efficacy of Theophylline?

Related terms

Xanthines: A class of drugs that includes Theophylline, which are used as bronchodilators.

Leukotriene Modifiers: Drugs that block chemicals called leukotrienes to reduce inflammation in asthma.

Mast Cell Stabilizers: Medications that prevent mast cells from releasing histamine and other inflammatory substances.