Sodium bicarbonate

Definition

Sodium bicarbonate is a chemical compound commonly used as an antacid to neutralize stomach acid and treat hyperacidity. It also plays a role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sodium bicarbonate can quickly relieve symptoms of heartburn and indigestion by neutralizing gastric acid.
2. It is often used in emergency medicine to treat metabolic acidosis and certain drug overdoses.
3. Excessive use of sodium bicarbonate can lead to metabolic alkalosis, a condition where the body's pH becomes overly alkaline.
4. Sodium bicarbonate is available in various forms, including tablets, powders, and injectable solutions.
5. It acts as both an electrolyte replenisher and an alkalizing agent in medical treatments.

Review Questions

• What are the primary medical uses of sodium bicarbonate?
• What potential side effects can result from excessive use of sodium bicarbonate?
• How does sodium bicarbonate function as an antacid?

Related terms

Electrolytes: Minerals in your blood and other body fluids that carry an electric charge.

Antacids: Medications that neutralize stomach acidity to relieve heartburn, indigestion, or upset stomach.

Metabolic Alkalosis: A condition characterized by an excessively high pH level in body tissues due to loss of acid or accumulation of base.