Sitagliptin

Definition

Sitagliptin is an oral antidiabetic drug that inhibits the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). It is used to manage blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sitagliptin works by increasing insulin release and decreasing glucagon levels in the blood.
2. It is often prescribed as part of a combination therapy with other antidiabetic medications like metformin.
3. Common side effects include upper respiratory tract infections, headache, and hypoglycemia when used with other glucose-lowering agents.
4. Sitagliptin should be taken once daily, with or without food.
5. Renal function should be monitored regularly as dosage adjustments may be necessary for patients with renal impairment.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action of Sitagliptin?
• Why might Sitagliptin be prescribed alongside metformin?
• What are some common side effects associated with Sitagliptin?

Related terms

Metformin: An oral antidiabetic drug that decreases hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity.

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors: A class of drugs that block DPP-4 enzyme activity to prolong the action of incretin hormones.

Hypoglycemia: A condition characterized by abnormally low blood glucose levels, commonly seen as a side effect of various antidiabetic treatments.