Sinusitis

Definition

Sinusitis is the inflammation or swelling of the tissue lining the sinuses, often caused by infections, allergies, or other irritants. It leads to symptoms such as nasal congestion, pain around the face and eyes, and a runny nose.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sinusitis can be classified into acute (less than 4 weeks), subacute (4-12 weeks), and chronic (more than 12 weeks).
2. Common pathogens causing sinusitis include viruses, bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae, and fungi.
3. Treatment often involves decongestants, saline nasal sprays, antibiotics for bacterial infections, and corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
4. Complications of untreated sinusitis can include orbital cellulitis and meningitis.
5. Risk factors for sinusitis include smoking, allergies, nasal polyps, and a history of respiratory tract infections.

Review Questions

• What are the common causes of sinusitis?
• How is acute sinusitis different from chronic sinusitis?
• What are some possible complications if sinusitis is left untreated?

Related terms

Rhinitis:

Inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose.

Nasal Polyps: Noncancerous growths on the lining of your nasal passages or sinuses.

Decongestant: A type of medication that relieves nasal congestion in the upper respiratory tract.