Saliva

Definition

Saliva is a watery fluid secreted by the salivary glands in the mouth, playing a crucial role in digestion and oral health. It contains enzymes that begin the breakdown of food and helps lubricate the oral cavity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Saliva contains the enzyme amylase, which initiates the digestion of starches.
2. It acts as a lubricant, facilitating chewing and swallowing.
3. Saliva has antimicrobial properties that help maintain oral hygiene.
4. The average human produces between 0.5 to 1.5 liters of saliva per day.
5. Salivation is controlled by both the autonomic nervous system's parasympathetic and sympathetic pathways.

Review Questions

• What enzyme in saliva begins the digestion of carbohydrates?
• How does saliva contribute to oral hygiene?
• Which part of the nervous system regulates salivation?

Related terms

Amylase:

An enzyme found in saliva that helps break down starches into sugars.

Salivary Glands:

Glands located in and around the mouth that produce saliva.

Autonomic Nervous System:

The part of the nervous system responsible for control of bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, heartbeat, and digestive processes.