Salicylates

Definition

Salicylates are a group of anti-inflammatory drugs that include aspirin and are commonly used to reduce pain, fever, and inflammation. They function by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), which is involved in the production of prostaglandins.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Salicylates inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, reducing the formation of pro-inflammatory chemicals called prostaglandins.
2. Aspirin, a widely used salicylate, can have side effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers with long-term use.
3. Salicylates are contraindicated in children with viral infections due to the risk of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition.
4. Low-dose aspirin is often prescribed for its antiplatelet effects to prevent heart attacks and strokes.
5. Salicylate poisoning can occur with overdose and presents symptoms such as tinnitus (ringing in the ears), nausea, vomiting, and metabolic acidosis.

Review Questions

• What enzyme do salicylates inhibit to reduce inflammation?
• Why is aspirin not recommended for children with viral infections?
• What are some potential side effects of long-term salicylate use?

Related terms

Prostaglandins:

Lipid compounds that mediate inflammation, pain, and fever.

Cyclooxygenase (COX): An enzyme responsible for the formation of prostanoids, including prostaglandins.

Reye's Syndrome: A rare but serious condition associated with aspirin use in children recovering from viral infections.