Ramelteon

Definition

Ramelteon is a sedative-hypnotic medication used primarily for the treatment of insomnia characterized by difficulty with sleep onset. It is a melatonin receptor agonist that mimics the action of melatonin in regulating the sleep-wake cycle.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ramelteon specifically targets MT1 and MT2 receptors in the brain, which are involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms.
2. Unlike many other sedative-hypnotics, ramelteon does not show significant potential for abuse or dependence.
3. Ramelteon has a relatively short half-life of approximately 1 to 2.6 hours, making it effective for helping with sleep onset rather than maintaining sleep.
4. Common side effects include dizziness, fatigue, and somnolence, but it generally has a favorable safety profile.
5. Ramelteon should be taken about 30 minutes before bedtime and not immediately after a high-fat meal as food can delay its absorption.

Review Questions

• What type of receptors does ramelteon target in the brain?
• Why is ramelteon considered to have a low potential for abuse compared to other sedative-hypnotics?
• When should ramelteon be administered to effectively aid sleep onset?

Related terms

Melatonin: A hormone produced by the pineal gland that helps regulate the sleep-wake cycle.

Benzodiazepines: A class of psychoactive drugs known for their sedative effects, often used to treat anxiety and insomnia.

Circadian Rhythm: The body's internal process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle roughly every 24 hours.