Postganglionic neurons

Definition

Postganglionic neurons are the neurons that extend from autonomic ganglia to the target tissues. They play a critical role in transmitting nerve impulses in the autonomic nervous system.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Postganglionic neurons release neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine or norepinephrine.
2. In the parasympathetic nervous system, postganglionic neurons typically release acetylcholine.
3. In the sympathetic nervous system, most postganglionic neurons release norepinephrine.
4. They are involved in functions such as regulating heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate.
5. Cholinergic drugs can affect postganglionic neuron function by enhancing or inhibiting neurotransmitter action.

Review Questions

• What types of neurotransmitters are released by postganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems?
• How do cholinergic drugs interact with postganglionic neurons?
• What physiological functions are influenced by postganglionic neurons?

Related terms

Autonomic Nervous System:

A division of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary body functions.

Acetylcholine:

A neurotransmitter released by nerve cells to send signals to other cells.

Norepinephrine:

A neurotransmitter involved in arousal and regulation of blood pressure.