Oxaliplatin

Definition

Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic drug used primarily to treat colorectal cancer. It works by forming cross-links in DNA, which inhibit DNA replication and transcription, leading to cell death.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Oxaliplatin is often used in combination with other drugs such as fluorouracil and leucovorin.
2. It is administered intravenously and dosage adjustments may be needed for patients with renal impairment.
3. Common side effects include peripheral neuropathy, nausea, and fatigue.
4. Oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy can be acute or chronic; acute neuropathy often occurs shortly after infusion and is reversible.
5. It was approved by the FDA in 2004 for use in advanced colorectal cancer.

Review Questions

• How does oxaliplatin work at the molecular level to kill cancer cells?
• What are common side effects associated with oxaliplatin?
• In what year did the FDA approve oxaliplatin for advanced colorectal cancer?

Related terms

Fluorouracil: A chemotherapy drug that interferes with DNA synthesis, commonly used in combination with oxaliplatin.

Leucovorin: A medication that enhances the effectiveness of fluorouracil through biochemical modulation.

Peripheral Neuropathy: A condition resulting from damage to peripheral nerves, often causing weakness, numbness, and pain; a common side effect of oxaliplatin.