Nitrogen mustards are a class of chemotherapeutic agents that work by alkylating DNA, leading to cell death. They are primarily used in the treatment of various cancers.
congrats on reading the definition of Nitrogen Mustards. now let's actually learn it.
Nitrogen mustards were originally developed during World War II as chemical warfare agents.
Common examples include mechlorethamine, cyclophosphamide, and ifosfamide.
They function by forming covalent bonds with DNA, which disrupts cellular replication and induces apoptosis.
These drugs are cell-cycle non-specific but are most effective during the S-phase when DNA is being replicated.
Side effects can include myelosuppression, nausea, vomiting, and an increased risk of secondary malignancies.
Review Questions
What is the primary mechanism of action for nitrogen mustards?
Name two common nitrogen mustard drugs used in cancer therapy.
What are some potential side effects associated with nitrogen mustard chemotherapy?
Related terms
Alkylating Agents: A class of compounds that work by adding alkyl groups to DNA, leading to cell death.
Cyclophosphamide: A widely used nitrogen mustard drug known for its effectiveness in treating various types of cancers.
Myelosuppression: A decrease in bone marrow activity resulting in reduced production of blood cells; a common side effect of many chemotherapeutic agents including nitrogen mustards.