Nitrate

Definition

Nitrate is a vasodilator commonly used in the treatment of angina and heart failure. It works by relaxing blood vessels, thereby reducing the workload on the heart.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Nitrates are often administered sublingually for rapid absorption during acute angina attacks.
2. They work by releasing nitric oxide, which relaxes smooth muscles in blood vessel walls.
3. Common side effects include headaches, dizziness, and hypotension due to vasodilation.
4. Patients should avoid using nitrates with phosphodiesterase inhibitors like sildenafil due to severe hypotension risk.
5. Tolerance can develop with long-term use, requiring dose adjustments or drug-free intervals.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action of nitrates in treating cardiac conditions?
• Why should nitrates not be used concurrently with phosphodiesterase inhibitors?
• What are common side effects experienced by patients taking nitrates?

Related terms

Angina:

A condition marked by severe chest pain due to inadequate blood supply to the heart.

Vasodilator: A medication that causes dilation of blood vessels, improving blood flow.

Nitric Oxide:

A molecule released by nitrates that helps relax smooth muscles in blood vessels.