Neurohypophysis

Definition

The neurohypophysis, also known as the posterior pituitary gland, is a part of the brain that releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus. It primarily releases oxytocin and vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The neurohypophysis stores and releases oxytocin and vasopressin, which are synthesized in the hypothalamus.
2. Vasopressin plays a crucial role in regulating water balance and blood pressure.
3. Oxytocin is involved in childbirth, lactation, and social bonding.
4. The neurohypophysis is connected to the hypothalamus via the infundibulum or pituitary stalk.
5. Unlike the anterior pituitary, the neurohypophysis does not produce its own hormones but acts as a storage site for hormones made in the hypothalamus.

Review Questions

• What two primary hormones are released by the neurohypophysis?
• How does vasopressin contribute to homeostasis?
• Explain how oxytocin affects childbirth and lactation.

Related terms

Hypothalamus:

A region of the brain responsible for hormone production and regulation.

Anterior Pituitary Gland:

The front portion of the pituitary gland that produces its own hormones.

Infundibulum: A stalk connecting the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland, facilitating hormone transport.