Neuroendocrine system

Definition

The neuroendocrine system is a complex network of interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine glands, primarily involving the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. It regulates various physiological processes such as stress response, growth, and metabolism.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The hypothalamus is crucial in linking the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland.
2. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus stimulates ACTH release from the pituitary, affecting adrenal cortex function.
3. Dysfunction in the neuroendocrine system can lead to disorders like Cushing's syndrome or Addison's disease.
4. Negative feedback loops are essential for maintaining homeostasis within the neuroendocrine system.
5. Pharmacological interventions often target hormone receptors or synthesis pathways within this system.

Review Questions

• What role does CRH play in the neuroendocrine system?
• How does negative feedback maintain balance in the neuroendocrine system?
• Name two disorders associated with dysfunctions in the neuroendocrine system.

Related terms

Hypothalamus:

A brain region controlling various bodily functions by regulating hormonal secretions via the pituitary gland.

Pituitary Gland:

A small endocrine gland that releases hormones affecting growth, metabolism, and reproductive processes.

Adrenal Cortex:

The outer part of the adrenal glands producing steroid hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone.