Multiple myeloma

Definition

Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer that affects plasma cells in the bone marrow, leading to abnormal cell proliferation. It often results in bone damage, kidney dysfunction, and impaired immune response.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Multiple myeloma is characterized by the overproduction of abnormal plasma cells.
2. Common symptoms include bone pain, anemia, and frequent infections.
3. Standard treatments include chemotherapy, corticosteroids, and stem cell transplantation.
4. The presence of M protein or Bence Jones protein in urine or blood is a key diagnostic marker.
5. Newer targeted therapies like proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs have shown promising results.

Review Questions

• What are the primary symptoms associated with multiple myeloma?
• Which diagnostic markers are used to identify multiple myeloma?
• What are the common treatment options for multiple myeloma?

Related terms

Plasma Cells:

A type of white blood cell that produces antibodies.

Chemotherapy: A treatment method that uses drugs to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells.

Proteasome Inhibitors: Drugs that block the action of proteasomes, helping to control cancer cell proliferation in multiple myeloma.