Microvascular angina is a type of angina caused by abnormalities in the small blood vessels of the heart, leading to reduced blood flow and chest pain. It is also known as cardiac syndrome X and can occur even when larger coronary arteries appear normal.
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Microvascular angina often presents with chest pain similar to that of traditional angina but without significant blockage in the major coronary arteries.
It is more common in women, particularly postmenopausal women.
Standard diagnostic tests like angiograms may not detect microvascular angina, making it challenging to diagnose.
Treatment typically includes medications such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and nitrates to improve blood flow and reduce symptoms.
Lifestyle changes, including regular exercise, healthy diet, and stress management, are important for managing microvascular angina.
Review Questions
What distinguishes microvascular angina from traditional angina?
Why might standard diagnostic tests fail to detect microvascular angina?
What are common treatments for managing microvascular angina?
Related terms
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): A condition characterized by narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries due to plaque buildup.
Beta-Blockers: A class of drugs used to manage abnormal heart rhythms and protect the heart from a second heart attack.
Calcium Channel Blockers: Medications that relax and widen blood vessels by affecting the muscle cells in the arterial walls.