Methylphenidate

Definition

Methylphenidate is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant commonly prescribed to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It works by increasing levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, enhancing focus and alertness.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Methylphenidate is available under various brand names, including Ritalin and Concerta.
2. It is classified as a Schedule II controlled substance due to its potential for abuse and dependence.
3. Common side effects include insomnia, decreased appetite, and increased heart rate.
4. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of cardiovascular conditions or psychiatric disorders.
5. Methylphenidate's effectiveness can be influenced by genetic factors that affect drug metabolism.

Review Questions

• What are the primary medical uses of Methylphenidate?
• List three common side effects associated with Methylphenidate use.
• Why should Methylphenidate be used cautiously in patients with cardiovascular conditions?

Related terms

Amphetamine: A CNS stimulant similar to methylphenidate, often used to treat ADHD.

Atomoxetine: A non-stimulant medication used to treat ADHD by inhibiting norepinephrine reuptake.

Narcolepsy: A chronic sleep disorder characterized by overwhelming daytime drowsiness and sudden attacks of sleep.