Methimazole

Definition

Methimazole is an antithyroid medication used to treat hyperthyroidism by inhibiting thyroid hormone synthesis. It is often prescribed as a part of long-term treatment or prior to thyroid surgery.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Methimazole inhibits the enzyme thyroid peroxidase, which is crucial for the synthesis of thyroid hormones.
2. It is typically taken orally and may require several weeks to become effective.
3. Common side effects include rash, joint pain, and gastrointestinal upset.
4. A rare but serious side effect is agranulocytosis, a condition that lowers white blood cell count.
5. Patients on methimazole should have regular blood tests to monitor thyroid function and white blood cell counts.

Review Questions

• What enzyme does methimazole inhibit in the treatment of hyperthyroidism?
• What are common side effects associated with methimazole?
• Why is regular blood monitoring necessary for patients taking methimazole?

Related terms

Propylthiouracil (PTU): An alternative antithyroid medication that also inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis but has a higher risk of liver toxicity.

Thyroxine (T4): A primary hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism.

Radioactive Iodine Therapy: A treatment for hyperthyroidism that involves taking radioactive iodine to destroy overactive thyroid cells.