Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Definition

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that plays a critical role in regulating the function of the ovaries in females and the testes in males. It is essential for ovulation and the production of sex hormones such as estrogen and testosterone.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. LH surge triggers ovulation in females, releasing an oocyte from the ovary.
2. In males, LH stimulates Leydig cells in the testes to produce testosterone.
3. LH levels are regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus.
4. In women, LH levels vary throughout the menstrual cycle and peak just before ovulation.
5. Drugs that mimic or inhibit LH can be used to treat infertility or hormonal disorders.

Review Questions

• What role does LH play in female reproduction?
• How does LH affect male reproductive function?
• Which hypothalamic hormone regulates LH secretion?

Related terms

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): A hormone also produced by the anterior pituitary gland that works alongside LH to regulate reproductive processes.

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH): A hormone released by the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary gland.

Leydig Cells: Cells located in the testes that produce testosterone when stimulated by LH.