Immunoglobulins

Definition

Immunoglobulins are antibodies produced by B cells in response to antigens, playing a crucial role in the immune system. They help identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. There are five main classes of immunoglobulins: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM.
2. IgG is the most abundant type of antibody found in all body fluids and protects against bacterial and viral infections.
3. Immunoglobulins can cross the blood-brain barrier, which is significant in neurological conditions like Multiple Sclerosis (MS).
4. Monoclonal antibodies, a type of immunoglobulin, are used therapeutically to treat MS.
5. The presence of oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid is a diagnostic marker for Multiple Sclerosis.

Review Questions

• What are the five main classes of immunoglobulins?
• How do immunoglobulins contribute to the diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis?
• What role do monoclonal antibodies play in treating MS?

Related terms

B cells:

A type of white blood cell that produces antibodies.

Antigen: A substance that induces an immune response.

Monoclonal Antibodies:

Lab-made molecules designed to serve as substitute antibodies that can restore, enhance or mimic the immune system's attack on cells.