Hypogonadism

Definition

Hypogonadism is a condition in which the body does not produce enough testosterone or sperm in males, or estrogen and eggs in females. It can be primary (originating from the testes or ovaries) or secondary (due to problems with the hypothalamus or pituitary gland).

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Primary hypogonadism involves direct dysfunction of the gonads, while secondary hypogonadism is due to issues with the hypothalamus or pituitary gland.
2. Symptoms in males include reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, and decreased muscle mass; in females, symptoms include amenorrhea, hot flashes, and infertility.
3. Hypogonadism can be diagnosed through blood tests measuring hormone levels such as testosterone, LH, FSH, and estradiol.
4. Treatment options may include hormone replacement therapy (HRT), such as testosterone for men and estrogen/progesterone for women.
5. Certain medications like GnRH analogs can be used to treat underlying causes of secondary hypogonadism.

Review Questions

• What are the main differences between primary and secondary hypogonadism?
• List three common symptoms of hypogonadism in males and females.
• Which diagnostic tests are typically used to diagnose hypogonadism?

Related terms

Androgens: Hormones that play a role in male traits and reproductive activity.

Antiandrogens: Substances that prevent androgens from exerting their biological effects.

Anabolic Steroids: Synthetic substances similar to male sex hormones that promote muscle growth.