Gynecomastia

Definition

Gynecomastia is the enlargement of breast tissue in males, which can result from hormonal imbalances or certain medications. It is often associated with increased estrogen levels or decreased androgen activity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Gynecomastia can be a side effect of certain antiulcer drugs like cimetidine, a histamine blocker.
2. Feminizing hormonal therapy in transgender women may induce gynecomastia as part of desired breast development.
3. Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are less likely to cause gynecomastia compared to histamine blockers.
4. Gynecomastia may occur during puberty and usually resolves without treatment in most cases.
5. Diagnosis of gynecomastia involves physical examination and may include hormone level tests to determine underlying causes.

Review Questions

• Which class of antiulcer drugs is more commonly associated with causing gynecomastia?
• How does feminizing hormonal therapy lead to gynecomastia in transgender women?
• What diagnostic steps are typically taken to confirm gynecomastia?

Related terms

Histamine Blockers:

Medications that reduce stomach acid by blocking histamine receptors on acid-producing cells.

Proton-Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): Drugs that reduce stomach acid production by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for secreting gastric acid.

Estrogen Therapy: Hormonal treatment involving estrogen, often used in feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women.