Fibrates

Definition

Fibrates are a class of lipid-lowering drugs that primarily reduce triglyceride levels and can increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. They work by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), which regulate lipid metabolism.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fibrates are particularly effective in lowering triglycerides and increasing HDL cholesterol levels.
2. Common fibrates include gemfibrozil and fenofibrate.
3. Fibrates activate PPAR-alpha, leading to increased oxidation of fatty acids in the liver.
4. They are often used in patients with hypertriglyceridemia or mixed dyslipidemia.
5. Potential side effects of fibrates include gastrointestinal disturbances and an increased risk of gallstones.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism by which fibrates lower lipid levels?
• Name two commonly prescribed fibrate medications.
• What types of dyslipidemia are most effectively treated with fibrates?

Related terms

Lipoproteins:

Complexes of lipids and proteins that transport fats through the bloodstream.

Apolipoproteins: Protein components of lipoproteins that help stabilize lipoprotein structure and mediate receptor binding.

Bile Acid Sequestrants:

Drugs that lower cholesterol by binding bile acids in the intestine, preventing their reabsorption.