Estrogen

Definition

Estrogen is a group of steroid hormones that play a critical role in the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics. It also has important functions in other tissues such as bone and cardiovascular systems.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Estrogen is primarily produced in the ovaries, but small amounts are also made in the adrenal glands and fat tissue.
2. There are three main types of estrogen: estradiol, estrone, and estriol.
3. Estrogen is crucial for regulating the menstrual cycle and reproductive system.
4. It is commonly used in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to treat symptoms of menopause.
5. High levels of estrogen can increase the risk of certain cancers, such as breast cancer.

Review Questions

• What are the primary sources of estrogen production in the human body?
• Name the three main types of estrogen.
• Why is estrogen important for the menstrual cycle?

Related terms

Progesterone:

Another key female sex hormone involved in regulating menstruation and pregnancy.

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT):

A treatment used to relieve symptoms of menopause by supplementing estrogen and sometimes progesterone.

Menopause:

The time that marks the end of a woman's menstrual cycles, often associated with a decrease in estrogen production.