Electrolyte balance

Definition

Electrolyte balance is the regulation of electrolyte levels in the body to maintain homeostasis. It involves maintaining optimal concentrations of ions such as sodium, potassium, and calcium.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Electrolytes are crucial for nerve function and muscle contraction.
2. Imbalances can lead to conditions such as dehydration, kidney disease, or cardiac issues.
3. The kidneys play a major role in regulating electrolyte balance by filtering blood and excreting excess ions.
4. Common electrolytes include sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), and chloride (Cl-).
5. Both hypernatremia (high sodium) and hyponatremia (low sodium) can be life-threatening.

Review Questions

• What role do the kidneys play in electrolyte balance?
• Name three common electrolytes important for homeostasis.
• What are potential consequences of an electrolyte imbalance?

Related terms

Homeostasis:

The body's process of maintaining stable internal conditions.

Hypernatremia:

A condition characterized by high levels of sodium in the blood.

Hyponatremia:

A condition characterized by low levels of sodium in the blood.