Disulfiram

Definition

Disulfiram is a medication used to support the treatment of chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to ethanol. It works by inhibiting the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to unpleasant effects when alcohol is consumed.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Disulfiram causes symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and headache if alcohol is ingested.
2. It is important for patients to avoid any products containing alcohol while taking Disulfiram, including certain medications and foods.
3. The usual starting dose of Disulfiram is 500 mg daily for one to two weeks, followed by a maintenance dose of 250 mg daily.
4. Patients should be thoroughly educated about the effects of Disulfiram before starting the medication.
5. Disulfiram is not a cure for alcoholism but can help promote abstinence in motivated individuals.

Review Questions

• How does Disulfiram work to deter alcohol consumption?
• What are some common side effects experienced if someone consumes alcohol while on Disulfiram?
• Why must patients avoid products containing even small amounts of alcohol when taking Disulfiram?

Related terms

Naltrexone: A medication that reduces cravings and pleasurable effects of alcohol.

Acamprosate: A drug used to help maintain abstinence in people who have stopped drinking alcohol.

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD): A medical condition characterized by an inability to stop or control alcohol use despite negative social, occupational, or health consequences.