Clomiphene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used primarily to treat infertility in women by inducing ovulation. It stimulates the release of hormones necessary for ovulation to occur.
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Clomiphene works by blocking estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, leading to an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
It is typically administered orally at the beginning of the menstrual cycle for five consecutive days.
Common side effects include hot flashes, breast tenderness, and ovarian enlargement.
Clomiphene is usually prescribed after confirming that other causes of infertility are not present.
The drug has been shown to be effective in inducing ovulation in approximately 80% of anovulatory women.
Review Questions
How does Clomiphene induce ovulation?
What are some common side effects associated with Clomiphene?
When during the menstrual cycle is Clomiphene typically administered?
Related terms
Gonadotropins: Hormones that stimulate the activity of the gonads, including FSH and LH.
Anovulation: The absence of ovulation, which can lead to infertility.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM): A class of drugs that act on estrogen receptors with varying effects in different tissues.