Celecoxib

Definition

Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that selectively inhibits COX-2 enzymes, reducing inflammation and pain. It is commonly used to treat conditions like arthritis and acute pain.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Celecoxib selectively inhibits the COX-2 enzyme, sparing COX-1, which reduces gastrointestinal side effects.
2. It is used in the management of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain, and menstrual discomfort.
3. Common side effects include headache, hypertension, and gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea or dyspepsia.
4. Celecoxib has a lower risk of causing stomach ulcers compared to non-selective NSAIDs like ibuprofen.
5. Patients with a history of cardiovascular disease should use celecoxib with caution due to an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.

Review Questions

• What enzyme does celecoxib selectively inhibit?
• What are common therapeutic uses for celecoxib?
• Why might celecoxib be preferred over non-selective NSAIDs for some patients?

Related terms

Cyclooxygenase (COX): An enzyme responsible for the formation of prostanoids, including prostaglandins involved in inflammation.

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): A class of drugs that provide anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects.

Prostaglandins:

Lipid compounds that have diverse hormone-like effects in animals; they play a role in inflammation and pain.