Carbohydrates

Definition

Carbohydrates are essential macronutrients that provide energy for the body by being broken down into glucose. They play a crucial role in managing blood sugar levels, especially important for individuals with diabetes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Carbohydrates are classified into simple (sugars) and complex (starches and fibers).
2. The glycemic index (GI) measures how quickly carbohydrate-containing foods raise blood glucose levels.
3. Insulin helps cells absorb glucose from carbohydrates; inadequate insulin can lead to high blood sugar levels.
4. Diabetic patients need to monitor carbohydrate intake to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
5. Carbohydrate counting is a common method used by diabetics to manage their diet and insulin dosages.

Review Questions

• What is the role of insulin in relation to carbohydrates?
• How does the glycemic index affect blood glucose levels?
• Why is carbohydrate counting important for diabetic patients?

Related terms

Insulin: A hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood glucose levels.

Glycemic Index (GI): A ranking of carbohydrates on a scale from 0 to 100 based on their effect on blood sugar levels.

Glucose: A simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms and a component of many carbohydrates.