Barotrauma

Definition

Barotrauma is an injury to body tissues caused by a difference in pressure between an air space inside or beside the body and the surrounding fluid. It commonly affects the ears, lungs, and sinuses.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Barotrauma can occur during activities such as scuba diving, flying, or driving in mountainous areas due to rapid changes in atmospheric pressure.
2. The Eustachian tube helps equalize ear pressure; dysfunction of this tube can lead to barotrauma.
3. Symptoms of ear barotrauma include ear pain, dizziness, hearing loss, and tinnitus.
4. Treatment often involves decongestants or nasal sprays to help open the Eustachian tube and relieve pressure.
5. Severe cases of barotrauma may require medical intervention such as myringotomy to drain fluid and alleviate pressure.

Review Questions

• What activities are most likely to cause barotrauma?
• Which part of the ear is primarily involved in equalizing pressure to prevent barotrauma?
• What are common symptoms associated with ear barotrauma?

Related terms

Eustachian Tube Dysfunction: A condition where the Eustachian tube fails to open properly, leading to problems with middle ear ventilation.

Myringotomy: A surgical procedure involving a small incision in the eardrum to relieve pressure caused by excessive fluid build-up.

Tinnitus: The perception of noise or ringing in the ears without an external sound source, often related to damage from factors including barotrauma.