Azathioprine

Definition

Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive medication commonly used to prevent organ rejection in transplant patients and to treat autoimmune diseases. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and proteins, thereby suppressing the immune response.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Azathioprine is metabolized in the liver to its active form, 6-mercaptopurine.
2. Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, increased risk of infection, and gastrointestinal disturbances.
3. It is often used in combination with other immunosuppressants like corticosteroids for synergistic effects.
4. Therapeutic monitoring through regular blood tests is essential to avoid toxicity and ensure appropriate dosing.
5. Patients on Azathioprine should avoid live vaccines due to their compromised immune system.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action of Azathioprine?
• Why is therapeutic monitoring important for patients taking Azathioprine?
• What are some common side effects associated with Azathioprine?

Related terms

Cyclophosphamide: An alkylating agent and immunosuppressant used in various autoimmune disorders and cancers.

Methotrexate: A folate antagonist that acts as an immunosuppressant and chemotherapy agent.

Cyclosporine: A calcineurin inhibitor used primarily to prevent organ transplant rejection.