Antabuse

Definition

Antabuse, also known as disulfiram, is a medication used to treat chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to ethanol. It works by inhibiting the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to unpleasant effects when alcohol is consumed.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Antabuse causes symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and headache if alcohol is consumed.
2. It is not a cure for alcoholism but helps discourage drinking behavior.
3. Patients must be informed about the severe reactions that can occur if they ingest alcohol while on Antabuse.
4. The drug can remain effective for up to two weeks after the last dose due to its long half-life.
5. Liver function tests are necessary before starting and during treatment with Antabuse due to potential hepatotoxicity.

Review Questions

• What enzyme does Antabuse inhibit and what are the resulting effects?
• Why must patients on Antabuse avoid all forms of alcohol, including those found in foods and medications?
• What safety measures should be taken before initiating treatment with Antabuse?

Related terms

Naltrexone:

A medication used to reduce cravings and block the effects of opioids and alcohol.

Acamprosate:

A drug that helps maintain abstinence in people who have quit drinking by stabilizing chemical balance in the brain.

Ethanol: The type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages; it is metabolized by the liver into acetaldehyde.