Anaphylaxis

Definition

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur rapidly and requires immediate medical attention. It involves multiple organ systems and can lead to shock and death if not treated promptly.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis and must be administered immediately.
2. Common triggers include foods, insect stings, medications, and latex.
3. Symptoms include difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat or tongue, hives, vomiting, and low blood pressure.
4. Anaphylactic reactions can progress quickly; recognizing early signs is crucial for effective intervention.
5. Patients with known severe allergies should carry an epinephrine auto-injector at all times.

Review Questions

• What is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis?
• Name three common triggers of anaphylactic reactions.
• Why is it important for patients with severe allergies to carry an epinephrine auto-injector?

Related terms

Epinephrine: A medication used to treat severe allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis by relaxing muscles in the airways and tightening blood vessels.

Antihistamines: Medications that alleviate allergy symptoms by blocking histamine receptors but are not sufficient as sole treatment for anaphylaxis.

Allergen: A substance that can cause an allergic reaction in susceptible individuals.