Adenosine

Definition

Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that acts on the heart to slow conduction through the AV node, often used in emergency settings to treat supraventricular tachycardia. It has a very short half-life, typically less than 10 seconds.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Adenosine is primarily used for acute conversion of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) to a normal sinus rhythm.
2. The drug has a very short half-life, necessitating rapid intravenous administration followed by a saline flush.
3. Common side effects include facial flushing, chest pain, and shortness of breath due to its rapid action on the cardiovascular system.
4. Adenosine works by activating adenosine receptors, which leads to hyperpolarization and transient heart block in the AV node.
5. It is contraindicated in patients with second- or third-degree AV block without a pacemaker.

Review Questions

• What is the primary use of Adenosine in emergency cardiac care?
• Why is rapid intravenous administration followed by a saline flush necessary when administering Adenosine?
• List at least two common side effects associated with Adenosine.

Related terms

Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT): A type of fast heart rate originating above the ventricles.

AV Node: Part of the electrical conduction system of the heart that coordinates the top of the heart.

Half-Life:

The time required for the concentration of a drug to reduce to half its initial value.