Acute kidney injury (AKI)

Definition

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden decrease in kidney function resulting in the inability to filter waste products from the blood. This condition can lead to an accumulation of toxins and fluid imbalance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. AKI can be caused by factors such as dehydration, certain medications, and severe infections.
2. Diuretics are often used in the management of AKI to help remove excess fluid from the body.
3. Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial in patients with AKI on diuretic therapy due to the risk of imbalances.
4. Early detection and treatment of AKI can improve outcomes and reduce the risk of chronic kidney disease.
5. Common symptoms of AKI include decreased urine output, swelling, fatigue, and confusion.

Review Questions

• What are common causes of acute kidney injury?
• How do diuretics aid in the management of acute kidney injury?
• Why is it important to monitor electrolyte levels in patients with AKI receiving diuretic therapy?

Related terms

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): A long-term condition characterized by a gradual loss of kidney function over time.

Electrolyte Imbalance:

A condition where there are abnormal levels of electrolytes, such as sodium or potassium, in the blood.

Diuretics:

Medications that promote the elimination of excess fluid from the body through increased urine production.