Client-server architecture

Definition

Client-server architecture is a distributed computing model that separates the client, which requests services, from the server, which provides those services. This model enhances resource management and enables scalability by allowing multiple clients to interact with a single server or multiple servers concurrently. It forms the backbone of many networked applications and services, enabling efficient communication and data processing between users and systems.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In a client-server architecture, clients typically interact with the server using a specific protocol, such as HTTP for web applications.
2. Client-server systems can be categorized into two types: two-tier (where clients directly communicate with the server) and three-tier (where an intermediary layer, like an application server, processes requests).
3. This architecture allows for centralized management of resources, which simplifies data maintenance and security measures.
4. Client-server architecture supports concurrent users, enabling many clients to connect to the server simultaneously without performance degradation.
5. Load balancing can be implemented in client-server systems to distribute workloads evenly across multiple servers, improving response times and reliability.

Review Questions

• How does client-server architecture enhance resource management in distributed systems?
  • Client-server architecture enhances resource management by centralizing services in the server, which allows for more efficient utilization of resources. Clients rely on the server for processing and storage, minimizing redundancy and ensuring that data is maintained in one location. This setup makes it easier to enforce security protocols and perform backups, as all resources are managed from a single point instead of being spread across multiple client devices.
• Discuss the differences between two-tier and three-tier client-server architectures and their respective advantages.
  • In a two-tier architecture, clients communicate directly with the server, which can lead to faster interactions but may result in scalability issues as more clients are added. Conversely, three-tier architecture introduces an intermediary layer that can handle business logic, allowing for better separation of concerns and improved scalability. The three-tier model can manage increased loads more effectively by distributing tasks across different servers while enabling more complex applications to function smoothly.
• Evaluate the impact of client-server architecture on modern web applications and its relevance to future technology trends.
  • Client-server architecture has significantly shaped modern web applications by providing a structured way for users to access services remotely. Its relevance continues as technology evolves towards cloud computing and microservices, where servers can scale horizontally and clients can interact with multiple services simultaneously. This architecture supports rapid development cycles and enhances user experiences by allowing developers to focus on front-end features while maintaining robust back-end services. As trends move towards decentralization and distributed networks, the fundamental principles of client-server architecture will likely adapt but remain crucial in structuring efficient application frameworks.

Related terms

Distributed Systems: A model where components located on networked computers communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages.

Network Protocols: Set of rules governing the exchange of data over a network, ensuring proper communication between clients and servers.

Scalability:

The capability of a system to handle a growing amount of work or its potential to accommodate growth.