Vitamin D

Definition

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin essential for the regulation of calcium and phosphorus in the body, crucial for maintaining bone health. It can be obtained from sunlight exposure, dietary sources, and supplements.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to rickets in children and osteomalacia or osteoporosis in adults.
2. It plays a role in immune function and has been linked to reduced risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) and other autoimmune diseases.
3. Vitamin D enhances intestinal absorption of calcium, supporting proper bone mineralization.
4. Chronic illnesses such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) can impair the body's ability to convert vitamin D into its active form.
5. Nurses should monitor levels of vitamin D in patients with endocrine disorders like hyperparathyroidism or those on long-term corticosteroid therapy.

Review Questions

• What are the primary functions of vitamin D in the human body?
• How does vitamin D deficiency affect bone health?
• Why is it important to monitor vitamin D levels in patients with chronic kidney disease?

Related terms

Calcium: A mineral essential for strong bones and teeth, muscle contractions, nerve signaling, and blood clotting.

Osteoporosis: A condition characterized by weak and brittle bones due to loss of bone density.

Hyperparathyroidism: An endocrine disorder where excess production of parathyroid hormone leads to elevated calcium levels and potential bone weakening.